Pemanasan Global: Peran Pajak Karbon Dalam Penerimaan Negara Dan Kualitas Lingkungan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32534/jpk.v13i1.8172Keywords:
Pemanasan Global, Emisi Karbon, Pajak Karbon, Penerimaan Negara, Kualitas LingkunganAbstract
Tujuan Utama – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi pajak karbon sebagai penerimaan negara yang dapat dialokasikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan menanggulangi pemanasan global.
Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik content analysis menggunakan data 2014–2024 yang menyediakan tren emisi yang stabil dan representatif. Scoping review dilakukan melalui penelusuran sistematis dengan kriteria inklusi ketat hingga terpilih 10 artikel relevan.
Temuan Utama - Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa selama periode 2014–2024, penerimaan negara dari pajak karbon menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan. Pada tahun 2025 proyeksi penerimaan negara dari pajak karbon mencapai sekitar Rp23,6 triliun sebagai kelanjutan dari tren satu dekade tersebut. Penerimaan negara dari pajak karbon dapat dialokasikan secara strategis sebagai upaya penigkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan mitigasi pemanasan global.
Implikasi Teori dan Kebijakan – Penerapan pajak karbon berperan penting dalam meningkatkan penerimaan negara sekaligus mendorong perbaikan kualitas lingkungan dan mitigasi pemanasan global. Keberhasilannya ditentukan oleh efektivitas penetapan tarif serta tata kelola pemanfaatan hasil pajak yang adil.
Kebaruan Penelitian – Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pemetaan terpadu antara tren emisi jangka panjang dan potensi fiskal pajak karbon yang belum diintegrasikan secara eksplisit dalam studi-studi sebelumnya.
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